Transovarial transmission of dengue viruses in field populations of Aedes aegypti  (L.) and Aedes albopictus  (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Southern Thailand

Usavadee Thavara*
Padet Siriyasatien**
Apiwat Tawatsin*
Jakkrawarn Chompoosri*
Surapee Anantapreecha*
Ratree Wongwanich***
Mir S. Mulla****

Affiliations:
* National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, 88/7 Tiwanon Road, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand
** Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
*** Krabi Provincial Health Office, Krabi 81000, Thailand
**** Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A.

Source :
      Presented in the 4th International Congress of Vector Ecology (SOVE),
Reno, Nevada, U.S.A., 2 – 7 October 2005.

Language :
      English

Abstract:
      Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) remains one of the major mosquito-borne diseases in Thailand as well as other countries in tropical regions. The disease is caused by 4 serotypes of dengue viruses (Den-1, Den-2, Den-3 and Den-4) and transmitted to humans by two mosquito species: Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse). To understand more about the epidemiology of the disease, study of the association of viruses and vectors under natural conditions was carried out employing determination of viruses in field populations of mosquito vectors in southern provinces of Thailand, where the two mosquito species are abundant and DHF incidence remains high. Attempts were made to detect dengue viruses in field-caught mosquitoes individually by Semi-Nested RT-PCR technique. The vectors were captured from 4 provinces: Krabi, Phang Nga, Phuket and Surat Thani during the period between late dry season and early rainy season in 2005. The 3 serotypes of dengue viruses: Den-2, Den-3 and Den-4 were detected in both Ae. aegypti  and Ae. albopictus  individual females and males. It is interesting to note that Ae. aegypti  larvae were positive for each the 2 serotypes: Den-2 and Den-3. Double infections of 2 serotypes of the viruses (Den-2 and Den-3) were detected in individual Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus females and males. This study thus reveals an important role of transovarial trasmission of dengue viruses in field populations of DHF vectors. The study elucidates circulation of dengue viruses in vectors in natural environment in endemic areas.